What is a reactor and how to apply it?

A reactor, also called a precharger or a reactor, is an electronic component that achieves its function by changing the relative power between the inductor and capacitor in the circuit. Common reactors include transformers, inductors, and capacitors. This article will introduce the basic principle, classification and application of reactors.

1. The basic principle of the reactor

The role of the reactor is to adjust the relationship between current and voltage in the circuit to achieve power balance. According to Ohm's law, current is directly proportional to voltage, while inductors and capacitors have an inverse effect on current and voltage. Specifically, the inductor will resist the path of the current, so that the current is slowed down by the limitation of the resistance of the inductor, and at the same time it will cause the voltage to increase; while the capacitor can conduct the current, reduce the voltage, and also generate a reverse current .

The purpose of introducing a reactor in the circuit is to control the ratio of current and voltage. The basic principle is to adjust the power in the circuit by increasing or decreasing the current/voltage according to the above two different reactions.

2. Classification of reactors

According to different working principles, reactors can be divided into several types:

1. Inductor: By introducing a certain magnetic flux into the circuit, a phase difference is generated between the current and the voltage, so that the current is delayed in the circuit for a certain time. This device has a good filtering effect on alternating current and removes high frequency noise.

2. Capacitor: The main function of a capacitor is to store charge. It creates a phase difference between current and voltage, so it can be said to be a time-lag device. When the natural frequency is equal to the disturbance signal, the capacitor will be excited, resulting in phenomena such as resonance and harmonics.

3. Transformer: A transformer is a reactor whose main application is to transform the voltage from one level called the primary side to another level called the secondary side, during which the power transmission can be adjusted.

4. Active reactor: refers to various excitation devices that add active circuit components such as electron tubes, transmission lines, and transformers to the circuit. Therefore, active reactors do not belong to purely inductive or capacitive-driven reactors in the traditional sense, but can choose different excitation modes according to different situations.

3. Application of reactor

1. Power system: The reactor can adjust the capacitors and inductors in the power system, so that the power grid is stable and not affected by high voltage shocks, lightning strikes and other external disturbances. They can also help reduce wasted current in circuits and power loss from the grid.

2. Electronic equipment: In electronic equipment, reactors can also play the role of filtering and voltage stabilization. They can change the ratio of current and voltage in the conversion circuit to avoid problems such as capacitor electrode breakdown and loop oscillation.

3. Environmental protection system: Reactors are also used in environmental protection equipment such as sewage treatment, air purification and garbage incineration. Through the combination of inductors and capacitors, the output of working condition parameters and air pollutants can be controlled to achieve the purpose of reducing environmental pollution.

In short, reactors have very important application value in electrical and electronic systems. Its function is not only to control the ratio of current and voltage, but also to improve system stability and energy saving effect through filtering and voltage stabilization. With the continuous development of power electronics technology, more new reactors will emerge to meet the needs of various complex power transmission systems